295.015; 293.250). Titles 16 and 19), prior to beginning any . Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Wyo. CONST. 13, 1). Art. Vote requirement for passage: Majority, provided that the votes cast on the measure shall equal at least one-third of the total votes cast at the election (Const. Const. Restrictions included 120 days before election for amendments, and 160 days before an election and not less than 10 days before legislative session for statutes. 22-24-420). Const. Circulator requirements: Legal voter (RCWA 29A.72.120). What is on each petition: The format of the petition may be submitted to the chief election official of the appropriate election authority, in advance of filing the petition, for a determination of its sufficiency (Elec. Public review or notice: Public may comment for 15 days on petition once it is approved for circulation, and may attend hearing held by joint committee on legislative research, with comments from that meeting made public, and newspaper publication (V.A.M.S. Art. In Nebraska, the total number of signatures is based upon the total number of registered voters in the state. CONST. Time-period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Filed at least four months before election (Ark. For direct initiatives, signatures must be submitted by Feb. 15 immediately before the next general election. Legislature or other government official review: Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel prepares an impartial analysis of the measure, to be included in voter pamphlet. Art. Which election is a measure on: General election, but governor and legislature may call special elections (U.C.A. 100.371). Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on the 21st and seventh days immediately preceding an election and the 10th day of the first full month after an election. III, 52(b) and Mo.Rev.Stat. Timeline for collecting signatures: Time limit for circulation begins with the first signature on a petition and ends 14 days after that. The popular referendum is a measure that appears on the ballot as a result of a voter petition drive and is similar to the initiative in that both are triggered by petitions, but there are important differences. Proponent organization and requirements: Sponsor must file an affidavit that s/he is a registered voter (RCW 29A.72.010). Art. III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-202, Const. Art. Geographic distribution:For constitutional amendments, signatures must be gathered from 10% of qualified electors in each of two-fifths (40) of the state's 100 legislative districts (MT CONST Art. 19-111), Proponent organization and requirements: Must follow financial guidelines, including non-candidate committee to act as sponsor, designating chair and treasurer, sworn statements, spending reports, bank account established, quarterly and pre-election reports (A.R.S. Circulator requirements: To register as a paid circulator, in the past five years one cannot have been convicted of a crime involving fraud, forgery, or identification theft or have been subject to a civil penalty due to an election offense. 3, 52). 116.030). Timeline for collecting signatures: For direct initiatives, six months to collect (submit proposed measure within 10 months with deadline to submit four months out from the general election). L-04, 2011 WL 1130010 (July 5, 2011). V, 3 and OK Stat. 3, 52(e) and Wyo. Application process information: Application must be filed within 10 business days of the adjournment of the legislature on a form designated by the secretary (21-A MRS 901). Evaluations done by lieutenant governor and Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel (U.C.A. 19-123), General review of petition: Proponents may submit proposed bill to director of the legislative council for review (A.R.S. Records must be kept of contributions and expenditures. Paid circulators must file an affidavit with secretary of state indicating they are paid before circulating a petition (MCL 168.482a) NOTE: The affidavit requirement has been declared unconstitutional and nonbinding by AG opinion 7310, May 2019. Verification: The secretary of state has 35 days to verify. 7-9-111). Public review or notice: In consultation with the attorney general, the secretary state writes an analysis of the effect of the measures, which will be published in the columns for two weeks prior to the election (NDCC, 16.1-01-07). Arizona (for constitutional amendments, not statutes) (A.R.S. 3, 18), Who can sign the petition: Electors (M.R.S.A. Art. Art. 22-24-413). Circulator requirements: At least 18 years old (Elec. Art. Art. 116.320). d. a start-up e. an employer f. a consumer In suburbia p. 193 The giant of Africa p. 192 1. a. is making b. If neither receives majority, the one receiving the most votes, if it receives more than one-third of the votes given for or against both, will appear at the next statewide election to be held not less than 60 days after the vote (M.R.S.A. Geographic distribution: Yes, signed by qualified voters equal in number to 15% of those resident in at least two-thirds of the counties of the state, as determined by those who voted in the preceding general election in that county (Const. ', No statute found; used Referendum Measure 4 (2012 primary) as a reference, No statute found; used Issue 2 (Nov. 2011) as a reference, Ballot language reads as follows: Shall the following bill of the legislature be approved?, No statute found; used Measure 101 (Nov. 2018) as a reference, No statute found; used Referred Laws 19 and 20 (Nov. 2016) as reference. Fiscal review: Office of Fiscal and Program Review prepares (1 M.R.S.A. 116.080).. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Mo.Rev. Art. IV, pt. Application process information: A sample sheet is submitted to the secretary of state before petitions may be circulated. 250.036; OR CONST Art. . Public review or notice: Secretary of state creates pamphlet with information and arguments and publishes the measures in newspapers leading up to the election. 2, 10; Cal.Elec.Code 9004, Title board, comprised of secretary of state, attorney general and director of the office of legislative legal services. II, 9, a law that is the subject of the referendum continues to be effective until the referendum is properly invoked, which occurs when the board of state canvassers makes its official declaration of the sufficiency of the referendum petition (MCL 168.477(2)). 250.045). For indirect statutory initiatives, the timeline begins on Jan. 1 of the year preceding year in which a regular session of the legislature is held and then filed by the second Tuesday of November in an even-numbered year, or the next day (N.R.S. VI, Subpt. 250.015; 250.052). Timeline for collecting signatures: May be circulated once the attorney general has drafted a circulating title and summary up to the 90th day after the enactment date of the statute. Art. 10% of the votes cast in last general election, 10% of the total number of votes cast in the last general election, or 25% to suspend operation of the act until the election, 2% of the residential population according to the last federal decennial census, 6% of the total votes cast for the office of governor in the last election, 5% of votes cast for governor in the last election, 4% of the votes cast for all candidates for governor at the last election, 5% of the total votes cast for governor at the last election, 8% of the active voters in the state on Jan. 1 following the last regular general election, Const. 2, 2; M.G.L.A. St. 32-1409). Secretary of state and attorney general jointly make a more descriptive ballot question summary to be sent to voters. Secretary of state, official committee that filed and approved by attorney general. V, 1(3)). 23-17-47; 23-17-49; 23-17-51; 23-17-53, Missouri: V.A.M.S. III, 2; 4), Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (Ne.Rev.St. Art. 8). St. 32-1405). Illinois requires either 60 percent of those voting on the amendment itself or a majority of those voting in the election as a whole (ILCS Const. **Residency requirement was struck down by Term Limits Leadership Council v. Clark (1997). Art. There must also be a five-person committee of those who favor rejection, comprised of individuals appointed by the governor, attorney general, president of the senate and speaker of the house eachthe fifth member is appointed by the four previous members. 21-A M.R.S.A. Timeline for taking effect: Takes effect five days after the official proclamation of the voter by the governor or the effective date specified in the proposed law, whichever is later (Utah Code 20A-7-311). S. So as a whole, the free-response section accounts for half your total AP Gov score (the other 50% comes from the multiple-choice section). Code Ann. Petition sheets will always include space for signatures. 53 7). III, 3). 5, 1; M.G.L.A. initiative referendum and recall are examples of quizlet. Const. Const. Art. The sponsor may file a written notice to withdraw the initiative with the secretary of state. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (IC 34-1821). States have rules in place to govern what legislatures or governors can do to citizen initiatives once they pass. 54, 53, Drafted by sponsors and approved by board of state canvassers. Records must be kept of contributions and expenditures. Petition for Recall. 1953 20A-7-206). The secretary of state writes arguments for and against the measure with information provided by proponents and opponents (Neb.Rev.St. Code 9010 et. 116.153). IV, 1(3)). 3; Const. May remove no later than 120 days prior to the next general election. III, 3). 353, 354). Single subject rule: Yes (Const. During the 14 days before the election, reports of any communication exceeding $5,000 in the aggregate are due within one business day. 23-17-7; 23-17-9; 23-17-15). Can remove an elected representative from office. For initiated state statutesorveto referendums, signatures must be gathered from 5% of qualified electors in each of one-third (34) of the state's 100 legislative districts. 19-121). XVI, 1; Art. Cal.Const. These states require that in addition to receiving a majority of the votes cast on the measure, those votes must be equal to or more than a specified percentage of the total votes cast in the election. Additional signatures are needed then. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Signatures submitted to appropriate state officials at least 10 days before submitted to secretary of state, which is the 50th day of the first regular session or the 25th day of the second regular session (21-A M.R.S.A. 24 States may have the direct initiative, the indirect initiative or the choice of either. Next statewide or special election after the legislative session concludes sine die, and signatures submitted to appropriate state officials at least 10 days before submitted to secretary of state, which is the 50th day of the first regular session or the 25th day of the second regular session. Britannica does not review the converted text. Initiative, Referendum and Recall are three powers reserved to the voters to enable them, by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to remove an elected official from office.. Pursuant to state law (A.R.S. 295.300), Number of signatures required: Ten % of the votes cast in last general election (N.R.S. Const. Withdrawal of petition: Proponents may do so any time before measure qualifies for the ballot, 131 days before the general statewide election (Cal.Elec.Code 9033, 9604). Art. Collected in-person: Implied (MCA 13-27-102), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Any time prior to official filing (MCA 13-27-301). For constitutional amendments, 10% of votes cast for governor in last election. Who creates petitions: Secretary of state prepares an official template for the cover sheet and signature sheets for each petition (ORS 250.052). II, 1g). CONST. Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (Const. XVI, 1; O.R.C. Art. No more than one-quarter of signatures may come from a single county. Attorney general writes title and summary if original is challenged in court (F.S.A. With the assistance of the secretary of state, the attorney general shall prepare a brief explanatory statement that must fairly describe the intent and content and what a "yes" vote favors and a "no" vote opposes (1 MRS 353). This violence was reflected in which foundational document?, The process that gives citizens the power to enact constitutional amendments and legislation is called the, The initiative, referendum, and recall are all . Supermajority vote only to change vote requirement. Art. Const. Art. See other restrictions. For initiated state statutesorveto referendums, signatures must be gathered from 5% of qualified electors in each of one-third (34) of the state's 100 legislative districts (MT CONST Art. For direct initiatives, six months to collect (submit proposed measure within 10 months with deadline to submit four months out from the general election). Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on a quarterly basis (Rule 2.103 and 2.122). (NDCC Const. A statement of organization is required. Art. Unlimited, but if number of filed signatures is deemed insufficient, sponsors have 30 days to collect more. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (RCW 29A.72.030). Secretary of state must establish by rule and collect filing fees (RCW 43.07.120). Art. 2 with the secretary of state (34 Okl.St.Ann. Withdrawal of petition: Only before submissions (10 ILCS 5/28-3), Petition title and summary creation: Proponents, no statute (ILCS Const. Public reviews for 30 days and provides comments to the proponent. Every state includes requirements for the circulators operating in the state. 1953 20A-7-202.5). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to no anonymous contribution in excess of $25, disclosure of contributors, corporations and labor organizations are allowed to make contributions and expenditures, following timelines and deadlines apply for filing reports (V.A.M.S. Const. For indirect initiatives submitted to the legislature, 4% of the number of active voters in the state on Jan. 1 immediately following the last regular general election. Art. Rev. 1(3)). Art. The attorney general may approve the title or revise as necessary to comply with the law. Tit. . 3, 1). 54 53). 2, 8). For amendments, 10 % of the total votes cast for governor (M.C.L.A. 23-17-1; 23-17-3). IV, pt. Const. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Not specified. 1-40-106; 1-40-107; 1-40-108. III, 4). Art. Const. 48, Init., Pt. VI, Subpt. 5 , 1; A.C.A. Most constitutional democracies, such as Australia, Canada, Italy, and the United States, operate through a system of representative government. Who creates petitions: Secretary of state approves the format and printers proof (C.R.S.A. Art. If the legislature does not enact the proposition, then proponents may collect the additional 5% signatures required to get the measure onto the ballot. Const. Art. The descriptive title, which is printed below the official title on the ballot, is written by the secretary of state with the approval of the attorney general. 12, 2; M.C.L.A. No later than six months after the adjournment of the legislature which passed the act. Art. Code 103 and 9602). Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state drafts a short and concise statement that fairly represents the proposal; approved by the attorney general (NDCC 16.1-01-09). Art. Art. II, 1g). If a petition is declared insufficient but has at least 75% of the required signatures in total and in at least 15 counties, sponsors may have an additional 30 days to gather more signatures. Must report name and address of donors of $50 or more. 168.474a; 168.486; 168.477; 168.32). Conflicting measures: The amendment which receives the greatest number of affirmative votes shall be paramount in all particulars as to which there is conflict even though such amendment may not have received the greater majority of affirmative votes (Neb. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (MCA 13-27-504). Submission deadline for signatures: Within 90 days after the enactment date of the statute (Const. What is on each petition: Petition includes original title of the act to be referred and a statement by signers. No collection timeline except when collecting the second 3 percent of signatures of votes in last election for governor, the deadline is 90 days, and deadline of 110 days before the election generally. In other words, it is the ability of the voters to enact or repeal laws, or recall elected officials. 15, 273 and Miss. This was held to be constitutional. Repeal or change restrictions: None (Const. General review of petition: None other found. 48, Init., Pt. Revised statutes now require that signatures be equally collected among all the petition districts (congressional districts). Paying per signature was held unconstitutional (Miss. Application process information: Not available in statute. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like During the gold rush, white miners used nativism and racism to justify their violence against Native populations. Petitions must be submitted by 5 p.m. not more than 90 days after final adjournment of the legislative session at which the bill was passed. Code 107, 18680. States may limit the subject matter of ballot measures. St. 32-1405.01; 32-1405.02; 32-1413). A warning to signers is required (CRS 1-40-110). Circulator requirements: Must be age 18 or older and resident of Ohio (I.C. Art. 901 and 1 M.R.S.A. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: 120 days after the adjournment of the legislative session (W.S.1977 22-24-319). 901 and 1 M.R.S.A. Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. Art. Fifteen states follow a single-subject rule: Nine states do not have a single-subject rule: Arkansas, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, North Dakota and South Dakota. 3519.01). Amend. Art. Where to file: State Board of Election Commissioners (Const. 7-9-601; A.C.A. Circulator requirements: Must be qualified to register to vote pursuant to 16-101. 250.105). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to being considered political action committees, following regulations for political advertising, and the filing of contribution and expenditure reports (W.S.1977 22-1-102; 22-24-201; 22-24-306). Art. Art. 295.009; 294A.150; 294A.220, North Dakota: NDCC, 16.1-08.1-02.4; 16.1-08.1-03.1; 16.1-08.1-03.2, Ohio: O.R.C. 14, 11). 4, Pt. Timeline for taking effect: Effective 90 days after certification (Const. Types allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, direct initiative for constitutional amendments, and popular referendum. 19-125), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No statute, Conflicting measures: The measure that receives the greatest number of affirmative votes (A.R.S. Amend. II, 9(c)). For constitutional amendment initiatives, 4% of resident population. Ballot measure committees have the following additional reporting requirements: initial disclosure report is due 15 days after the committee begins raising or spending money, with subsequent quarterly reports until the pre-election report is due. Where to file with: Secretary of state (W.S.1977 22-24-302). 19-111). Subject restrictions: Acts making appropriations for the expense of the state government or a state institution existing at the time of the passage of such act are not subject to referendum (Const. Verification: The secretary of state may use any statistical sampling techniques for this verification and canvass which have been adopted by rule as provided by chapter34.05RCW. Revised statutes now require that signatures be equally collected among all the petition districts (congressional districts), and this was held to be constitutional (N.R.S.
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